والاكتشافات، التي تضمنت حقولا زراعية ضخمة وقنوات ري أعلن عنها، الخميس، من تحالف مكون من علماء آثار من أميركا وأوروبا وغواتيمالا يعملون مع مؤسسة تراث وطبيعة المايا في غواتيمالا.

وتقدر الدراسة أن حوالي 10 ملايين شخص ربما يكونوا قد عاشوا داخل الأراضي السفلى للمايا، ما يعني أن مثل هذا النوع من إنتاج الغذاء الضخم كان مطلوبا.

وقال أستاذ علم الاجتماع الإنساني في جامعة تولين، مارسيللو كانوتو: “هذا أكبر مرتين أو 3 مرات مما كان الناس يتحدثون عنه هنا”.

واستخدم الباحثون تقنية تحديد مواقع يطلق عليها “ليدار” وهي اختصار لكشف وامتداد الضوء، وتعمل التقنية ببث ضوء الليزر على الأرض والكشف عن الجيوب المخبئة بين أوراق الشجر الكثيفة.

وكشفت الصور عن تغيير المايا للمكان بطريقة أوسع بكثير مما كان معتقدا، وفي بعض المناطق، زرع نحو 95 بالمئة من الأراضي المتاحة.

وقال فرانسيسكو إسترادا بيلي، مساعد باحث في جامعة تولين: “زراعتهم كانت أكثر كثافة بكثير، وبالتالي أكثر استدامة مما ظننا، كانوا يزرعون كل شبر من الأرض،” مشيرا إلى أن شعب المايا القديم جفف مناطق المستنقعات التي لم تكن تعتبر صالحة للزراعة آنذاك.

وتشير أسوار الدفاع المعقدة وأنظمة الخنادق والحواجز وقنوات الري إلى قوة عمل عالية التنظيم.

Thousands of previously unknown ancient Maya structures including pyramids, palaces and causeways have been revealed in Guatemala. The ground-breaking research used so-called LIDAR technology (pictured) that utilises light from lasers to construct a detailed survey of buried structures

Researchers believe it was home to a sophisticated civilisation that peaked 1,200 years ago and could have been as advanced as the ancient Greek and Chinese. Their findings revealed a pyramid in the heart of the ancient Maya city of Tikal (pictured), a major tourist destination in northeastern Guatemala

This new technique allowed researchers to map outlines of what they describe as dozens of newly discovered Maya cities hidden under thick jungle foliage centuries after they were abandoned by their original inhabitants

The ancient Maya civilisation was one of the most advanced to arise in Mesoamerica. It was marked by sophisticated mathematics and engineering that allowed it to spread throughout present-day Central America and southern Mexico

The new discoveries include urban centres with sidewalks, homes, terraces, ceremonial centres, irrigation canals and fortifications. Their findings revealed a pyramid in the heart of the ancient Maya city of Tikal, a major tourist destination in northeastern Guatemala

The earliest Maya settlements were constructed around 1,000 B.C., and most major Maya cities collapsed by 900 A.D. They found some 60,000 structures were found over the past two years

The civilisation reached its height in what is present-day southern Mexico, Guatemala, and parts of Belize, El Salvador and Honduras between 250 and 950 AD. Lidar is a remote sensing technology that measures distance by shooting a laser at a target and analysing the light that is reflected back

Lidar was developed in the early 1960s and uses laser imaging with radar technology that can calculate distances. Researchers now believe that the Maya had a population of 10 to 15 million, which is 'much higher' than previous estimates. Hidden deep in the jungle, the newly-discovered pyramid rises some seven stories high

Also discovered in Tika were a series of pits and a 14 kilometre-long wall. The pyramid measures nearly 100 feet (30 meters) tall and was previously thought to be a small mountain. Pictured is a researcher looking at their finds 

Lidar uses ultraviolet, visible, or near infrared light to image objects and can be used with a wide range of targets, including non-metallic objects, rocks, rain, chemical compounds, aerosols, clouds and even single molecules. Pictured is a researcher

Researchers say a climate reversal and drying trend between 660 and 1000 AD triggered political competition, increased warfare, overall sociopolitical instability, and finally, political collapse - known as the Classic Maya Collapse. Pictured is the temple of the Jaguar, archaeological site of Tikal

The Maya who built Chichen Itza came to dominate  the Yucatan Peninsula in southeast Mexico, shown above, for hundreds of years before dissappearing mysteriously in the 8th and 9th century AD